Cancers of the Breast
Perhaps the most known cancer is breast cancer. Screening for breast cancer has improved significantly in the UK since 2002 according to NHS data, with 75% of women between the age of 53 and 70 being screened every three years.
The most common sign of breast cancer is the appearance of a lump or hard area within the breast, but thankfully, most of these prove to be benign, however, if you have discovered a lump or bump recently, it's important you see your GP as soon as you can.
Any change in the size of your breasts or discharge from the nipple area is another sign that needs to be investigated (assuming it is not connected to pregnancy). Also, lumps that start to form in the armpits, dimples around the nipple area, and a change in nipple size or discolouration are also signs that need to be checked out.
Skin cancers
Skin cancers can form on any part of the body, but the most common places are those that have been exposed to sunlight and in particular the ultraviolet (UV) radiation that comes from it.
Cancer Research UK estimate that 90% of all malignant melanoma cancers (the most serious type of skin cancer) could have been prevented if suitable precautions had been taken. The NHS also warn that artificial light from sunbeds and lamps have a higher UV output than the sun and should be avoided.
Melanomas come in all shapes and sizes and often are formed from existing moles. These are commonly seen on the backs of men and should be watched with care to check for any changes in colour or size. At Three Shires Hospital, we offer a mole-mapping service with enhanced digital photography providing reassurance for those who have concerns about sun exposure and the effects that may be having on their skin in the course of their lives.
Lung cancer
Whilst breast cancer is the most common cancer of all in women, lung cancer comes second for both men and women (the most common cancer for men is prostate cancer).
Lung cancer rates have been decreasing year on year since the 1990s, but are increasing for women according to Cancer Research UK.
Unfortunately, lung cancer is hard to detect at an early stage and most people show no symptoms until the cancer is fairly advanced (75% are diagnosed at a late stage). However, early and regular screening for those who may be susceptible to it has been found to help catch this cancer early.
If you are concerned or worried about any type of cancer, please do call Three Shires Hospital to find out how we can help.
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid cancer is rare and is usually treatable. It affects more women than men and tends to affect people in their thirties or the over-sixties.
The most common sign is a lump or swelling in the front of the neck where the thyroid gland resides, but even with those signs, only 5% turn out to be cancerous.
A sore throat or difficulty in swallowing are other signs, but just as with lumps, these are also symptoms of many other diseases and illnesses.
Lymphoma, Myeloma, & Leukaemia
Cancers of the blood represent a large number of cancers in the UK with lymphoma the 5th highest cancer. This mostly affects older people (those over 65 in particular).
The symptoms of blood cancers are varied, which is why blood tests are vital in ensuring a proper diagnosis. With many advances in cancer treatments, the majority of blood cancer patients now survive longer than 5 years, and in the case of some acute blood cancers, they can be cured completely.